Steam-boiler.



J. H. BIGLOW.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4, 1914.

1,142,229. Patented June 8, 1915,

v 2 SHEETS$HEET I- ll-g MW THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHON-LITHOQ WASHINGTON, D. c

L H. BIGLOW.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 4. 1914.

1,142,229. Patented June 8, 1915,

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR THE NORRIS PETERS 50.. Pl-iTU-LITHQ. WASHINGTON, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT onnroa.

JOHN H. BIGLOW,'OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM-BOILER.

its tubular steam generating elements in case of repair.

My object is, morefspecifically, to provide ,a boiler with a fire box bounded on sides and back by relatively small water tubes rising from large manifolds forming the lower water space ofthe boiler, the upper portions of the water tubes provided with return bends-over the fire grateto constitute the crown of the firebox and delivering into an upper system of manifolds, all of which manifolds and tubes being maintained full of water and the steam from said manifolds delivered to a steam drum located at a higher elevation, the construetion being such that the upward circulation of the water and steam takes place in the relatively small tubes bounding the fire box, while the downward circulation of the water takes place in suitable large pipes connecting the upper system of manifoldsv with the lower manifolds.

object is, further, to provide in a boiler having the foregoing features of construction and operation a steam drum arranged at a relatively higher position than the foregoing circulating system of the water in the side tubes, and combining therewith a system of vertical water tubes forming the back of the fire box and extending over the crown thereof whereby they communicate directly with the steam drum, and thereby securing the fullest heating capacity of the fire box and a minimum active circulation of the water in the steam drum to obviate objectionable priming therein.

My invention consists of features of construction in a water tube boiler which are fully described hereinafter and more particularly defined in the claims.

My invention will be better understood by reference to the drawings, in which Figure 1 represents asect1onal1elevat1on Specification of Letters Patent.

apparatus.

Patented J une'S, 1915.

7 Application filed November 4, 1914. Serial No. 870,180.

of a boiler embodying my invention; Fig. 2 represents a section on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. '3 represents a front elevation of a modified form of the invention; Fig. 4 represents a side elevation of the boiler shown in Fig. 3.

1 designates the main casing of the boiler which, according to the customary practice, is lined with fire brick- 2 or the like, to form a compartment for the water tubes and other adjuncts of the steam generating The mainframe of the boiler consists of the lower manifolds 3, 3 and 4, the manifolds 3 extending along the sides of the boiler and suitably connected to the transverse manifold 4 which is located at the rear lower portion of the boiler. These may also be connected by a downflow pipe 8 with the rear manifold 4.

9 designates a coil pipe suitably arranged in the upper portion of the boiler in the path of the products of combustion and serving as a conduit to supply the feed water to the boiler. The discharge end of the coil 9 as here shown is connected to one of the downflow pipes 8 as indicated at 10. Any other suitable manner of supplying water to the boiler may be employed.

11 designates the steam drum which is also preferably contained within the casing 1 and located transversely of the front end of the boiler, being supported upon the upright tubes 6 and with which it is in direct interior communication. The water may freely fiow from the large tubes of the main frame into the drum 11. It will be seen that a general tubular frame such as here described provides free passages for both circulating water and steam.

The fire box is in the present instance bounded by a plurality of water tubes, those with the bottom manifolds 3. These side tube sections, which are designated by the reference numeral 12 rise from the top of the bottom manifolds 3 and connect with one of the top manifolds 7 and as each of the sections is a duplicate of the others the description will be confined to but one of the sections and will apply to the other sections. I

13 designates a header suitably secured to the top of the manifold 3 and adapted to receive a pluralityof the water tubes 12. In the present instance, two ofsuch tubes are connected to the header to form one complete section, though any number may be used according to requirements. The tubes 12 rise from the header 13 to a proper height and then extend transversely across the fire box chamber to a point approximately the middle thereof, where they are carried, by a reverse bend, back to the side and are then brought again transversely to the middle portion, making another reverse bend back to the side of the boiler and then rise vertically to a point where they are connected to an upper header 14' which is secured to the bottom of the top manifold 7. Apluralityrof these water tubes provides the side and onehalf'of the crown of the fire box. A similar arrangement of tubes on the opposite side of the boiler provides the other side and crown portion of the fire box. The two sides of the fire box-are thus formed asa wall of tube sections suitably spaced apart and having their lower ends respectively in communication with the lower manifolds 3..

tirely across the boilerv from back tofrontv in a number of reversely arranged convolutions and terminates in a header 17 connected to the bottom of the steam drum 11.

The various headers 13, 14, 16 and 17 may be coupled to the respective manifolds and drum by unions of ordinary construction,

as shown, so that the tube sections may be readily disconnected if necessary for repairs, as well as for easy assemblage.

The arrangement of the rear tube sections is clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, while Fig. 1 illustrates the reverse bend of the pipe 12 and the juxtaposed relation of the same at the middle portion of the crown. I do not confine myself to any particular arrangement of reverse bends for the water tubes as such transverse portions may be increased or decreased according to the heating area required.

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modification of the frame wherein there is but one manifold 18 at the top, and this disposed centrally of 3 and are provided'with the same transverse portions or return bends extending from each side to a point adjacent the middle of the boiler, and then terminate in. the same or common top manifold 18, as will be apparent. The construction and other details may be similar to that already described for the preferred form shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

.It will now .be apparent that I have pro vided a boiler wherein the sides, back and crown of the fire box are bounded by relatively small water tubes or pipe sections which rise from the bottom system of manifolds and deliver the water contained and steam circulating within them into the top 7 system of manifolds. All-of these tubes of relatively small size serve as a water space having a relatively large heating surface,

and are in a position where they absorb a much greater amount of heat than the water.

in'the manifolds or the large downfiow tubes. Moreover, it will be seen that the steam drum is situated above all of the water tubes and'manifolds so that it is out ofor entirely removed from the circulating portion of the water in the tubes 12 and TL manifolds but is, of course, in communication wlth the latter for reception of the steam; and that the water tubes 15 alone circulate water directly into the'steam drum,

so that only a minimum water circulation enterssaid drum. By this construction. the main circulating system, namely that from the side tubes 12 of the fire box, is separate from the steam drum, and hence the water in this latter element is maintained at all times substantially at the point of ebullition but not, however, subject to excessive eddies or priming as would be the case if located directly in the whole or main circulating system and in the more direct heating zone of the fire box.

Among the special features of advantage in the construction herein described, the following may be noted: The tubes 12 and 15, which form the sides, back and crown of the fire box, provide a most effective heatmg surface and especially so because the heating gases may pass entirely around each individual tube, and as the tubes are small the heating surface relatively to the cubical contents is very large. Moreover, because the tubes are small and are thus heated to a high degree owing to their location, the circulation of the water and steam through them is very rapid and hence the steam is rapidly tubes in this manner as delivered to the steam drum. The crown of the fire box is formed of crossing sets of tubes so as to provide a greater obstruction to the free upward passage of the heating gases, but at the same time the various tubes are sufiiciently spaced apart-so as not to interfere with the normal and proper is manifest that while a free passage is provided for steam from the manifolds up into the drum the downward circulation of the water from the drum is freely permitted by the said upward extensions of the tubes 6 to meet all the requirements of the circulation due to the connection with the water tubes 15 with the drum. By providing the free downward circulation and the individual deliveryof tubes 15 and their 11 the steam may readily separate from the water without producing an excessive priming. As the main steam circulation arises in the tubes 12, it is manifest that the main water circulation due to the action in said tubes 12 and the manifolds 7 and 13 takes place entirely out of the water present in the drum 11, and consequently the water contentsof said drum is subjected to a minimum disturbance consistent with the general arrangement of the water tubes of the present invention.

I have shown the return bends of the sections of water tubes 12 as extending only approximately one-half the width of the boiler whereby the crown of the fire box is formed one-half by the tubes at one side and onehalf by the tubes at the other side, and while this is the most preferable and mechanically desirable construction, I do not restrict myself as to the particular shape or arrangement of the horizontal return bends of these tube sections 12, provided they furnish the vertical tubes constituting the sides of the fire box and transverse tubular portions constituting the crown of the fire box.

I have described my invention in the general form which I prefer for commercial use,

but I do not restrict myself to the minor details, as these may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a water tube steam boiler, the combination of a system of lower manifolds comprising side and rear manifolds, a syssteam and waterfrom the headers 17 into the-drum tem of upper manifolds, large return pipe connections between the two systems of manifolds for downward fiow of water from the upper manifolds to the lower manifolds, a steam drum arranged at a higher elevation than the upper system of manifolds, tubular connections between said steam drum and the said upper system of manifolds, a plurality of small water tubes rising from each of the lower side manifolds of the lower system of manifolds and extending over the fire box space I in return bends and connecting with the upper manifolds, and a plurality of water tubes rising fromthe rear manifold of the lower system of'manifolds and extending forward above thereturn bends of the side tubes and connected at the front with thesteam drum above the upper system of manifolds, said tubes providing tubular bounding walls and crown to the fire box, whereby all of the water tubes and systems of manifolds and main water tube circulating elements are below the water level in the boiler,and the steamand water in the steam drum are removed from the main water circulating zone of the boiler.

2. In a water tube boiler the combination of a lower system of manifolds comprising side and back manifolds, an upper system of manifolds providing two side manifolds above'the lower side manifolds, large tubular connections between the upper and lower manifolds, a steam drum arranged at a higher elevation than the upper system of manifolds and connected therewith by upright large tubular portions, side water tubes rising from the lower side manifolds and connecting with the upper side manifold and having their intermediate portions extended halfway across the boiler laterally in return bends, the opposing bends from the two sides providing an open work roof to the fire box, and a plurality of water tubes extending up from the rear lower manifold to a point above the lateral return bend portions of the side tubes said rear tubes extending transversely forward toward and over said side return bends and connecting with the steam drum to provide a tubular back to the fire box anda secondary tubular roof to the same whereby the steam and water in the steam drum are out of the circulating zone of the water in the manifolds and tubes.

3. In a water tube boiler, the combination of a lower manifold system of pipes comprising longitudinal and rear manifolds, an upper manifold system of pipes having transverse and longitudinal portions, a transversely arranged steam chamber for water and accumulations of steam arranged wholly above the level of the manifold and receiving the steam therefrom, large water tubes for return circulation connecting the steam drum with the manifolds, vertical water tubes connecting at the top and hottom with the longitudinal manifold, said tubes having intermediate transverse portions providing return bends above the fire box space, and vertical water tubes connected at the bottom with the rear manifold and at the top with the steam drum for delivering the water from the rear manifold to the steam drum, said water tubes having transverse portions extending above the return bends of the side tubes, the construction of the boiler being such that the fire boX is provided on its sides and back with vertical water tubes. and on its roof with crossing return bends and transverse Water tubes. 4. In a water tube boiler, the combination of a lower system of large pipes comprising lon itudinal and rear manifolds an n oer manifold system of pipes having transverse and longitudinal portions, a steam drum for water and accumulations of steam and water arranged wholly above the levelof the upper manifold system and the extensions of the return tubes connecting therewith, vertical water tubes connecting at the having intermediate transverse .top and bottom withthe longitudinal manifolds, large tubes connecting the side manifolds of the lower systemv with the upper .manifold system .for returning the water from the upper to the lower of the manifold systems and also having extensions above connecting the. longitudinal manifolds of the upper and lower systems of manifolds and portions providing return. bends above the fire box space, and vertical water tubes connected at the bottom with the-rear manifold and "at thetop :in communication with the steam" drum said water tubes having transverse portions extending above the return bends of the side .water tubes,

' In testimony of which invention, '1 hereunto set my hand. I v

' I 7 JOHN H. BIGLOW.

' v Witnesses:

l/V. RowLEY REID, IROBT. BAKER. r

I Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Goinmissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. G. 

